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Number 2 first

The purpose of the Emancipation proclamation was to entice states to break with the south and stay with the north. The actual text of the proclamation declared slaves to be free in any state breaking with the union. It freed some slaves immediately but gradually freed more slaves as the union army advanced into the southern confederate states. (Oddly, it did not free slaves in the North, nor did it make slavery illegal). That did not happen until two years later when the 13th amendment was passed in 1865.

1) part b

does he deserve the credit as the great emancipator? Absolutely. While his motives were twofold (keep the union intact and end slavery), he was brilliant in that he only freed the slaves in the south with the EP. This kept his political base up north in tact while freeing confederate slaves. He knew the ultimate trend was that if he kept the union together, slavery was ending due to pressures internal and from Europe and Africa. However, he ultimately ordered millions of people to their death to fight a war that ultimately came down to the states rights to control slavery.

Lincoln was a political realist. During the campaign for president he certainly didn’t advocate for freeing the slaves, and in fact generally wanted to preserve the status quo.

Things changed in the civil war. The south and the north were both buying a lot of arms and other goods off of European powers. Slavery had been outlawed in the major European powers by then. But they didn’t see the civil war as an argument over slavery, to them it seemed more about sovereignty and whether or not a state the right to secede.

By signing the Emancipation Proclamation, Lincoln turned the civil war into an issue over slavery. Few European nations wanted to support the south after that, as it would make them look like they were supporting slavery. This cut off a lot of trade the south was relying on to stay in the war.

Yes Lincoln deserves credit as the emancipator. His motives for signing it may not have been entirely pure, but he still did it and so still deserves credit.

The two guys above me have good answers too.